While all game makers are artists in the larger sense, the role of artist within a team specifically refers to staff who work on the visual aspects of a game. Artists often specialise in one of seven areas: concept art, modeling, texturing, lighting, technical artist (which combines some scripting and programming), user interface and animation (which is usually considered a separate discipline).
Artists also commonly distinguish themselves as 2D or 3D artists. Far from one simply being an upgrade of the other, 2D art is often visually stylised whereas 3D is often realistic.